Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who also have primary sclerosing cholangitis are twice as likely to develop advanced colorectal neoplasia, when compared to patients with IBD but without cholangitis. Investigators examined the records of >1,911 patients with colonic IBD who had >2 colonoscopies performed in the US or Netherlands between 2009 and 2015. They found:

• The risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia—defined as high grade dysplasia, colorectal cancer, or both—was twice as likely in IBD patients when combined with sclerosing cholangitis, compared to IBD without cholangitis.
• The analysis also found that patients with low-grade dysplasia were significantly more likely to develop advanced colorectal neoplasia if they also had sclerosing cholangitis.