The Pediatric Endocrine Society has updated its Guidelines for Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Treatment in Children and Adolescents: Growth Hormone Deficiency, Idiopathic Short Stature, and Primary Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Deficiency. The guidelines provide recommendations for the clinical management of children and adolescents with growth failure due to GHD, ISS, or PIGFD. The guidelines cover the following:

• Efficacy of GH treatment for GHD.
• Consideration and diagnosis of GHD.
• Dosing of GH treatment for patients with GHD.
• Safety issues of GH treatment for patients with GHD.
• Transitional care after childhood GH treatment.
• GH treatment of patients with ISS.
• IGF-I treatment of patients with PIGFD.
• General recommendations.

The authors found a paucity of evidence and highlighted areas that need further research. Until then, individualization of clinical care remains the central tenet of therapy.