People with high risk multiple myeloma (HRM) achieved comparable day-100 post-transplant responses as those with non-HRM, but response does not last, according to a study involving 715 individuals.

Participants had multiple myeloma with fluorescence in-situ hybridization and/or cytogenetic data with upfront autoHCT. Among the findings:

• 56% of those with HRM received induction with bortezomib and immunomodulatory agents (imid), compared to 43% of those with non-HRM.

• Pre-transplant complete response rates were similar in both groups, as was the portion of patients who achieved very good partial response or better at day 100 post-transplant.

• Post-transplant therapy with bortezomib and imids occurred in 26% and 12%, respectively.

• 3-year post-transplant progression-free survival was 37% and 49%, respectively; overall survival was 72% vs 85%, respectively.

• At 3-years, progression-free survival for HRM patients who had post-transplant therapy was 46%, vs 14% in those who did not.

• Overall survival for HRM patients who had post-transplant therapy was 81%, vs 48% in those who did not; it was 88% and 79%, respectively, in non-HRM patients.

Citation: Scott E, Hari P, Sharma M, et al. Post-transplant outcomes in high-risk compared to non-high risk multiple myeloma, a CIBMTR analysis. [Published online ahead of print August 2, 2016]. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.07.007.