Key clinical point: Ten-day regimen of decitabine with venetoclax (DEC10-VEN) may represent a potential option for salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), offering superior responses and survival vs intensive chemotherapy (IC)-based regimens.
Major finding: Patients receiving DEC10-VEN vs IC had superior overall response rate (odds ratio [OR], 3.28; P < .001), minimal residual disease negativity (OR, 2.48; P = .017), event-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.46; P < .001), and overall survival (HR, 0.56; P = .008). Rates of refractory disease (OR, 0.46; P = .011) and 60-day mortality (OR, 0.40; P = .029) were significantly lower in patients receiving DEC10-VEN vs IC.
Study details: This retrospective study assessed outcomes of adult patients with R/R AML treated with DEC10-VEN (n=65) in a phase 2 trial vs IC-based regimens (n=130) using propensity score-matched analysis.
Disclosures: This study was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Health. Some investigators including the lead author reported ties with various pharmaceutical companies.
Source: Maiti A et al. Cancer. 2021 Aug 3. doi: 10.1002/cncr.33814 .