Despite earlier reports that suggested a link between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia, a large scale prospective study could not find a convincing association between PPIs and cognitive function among women.

• An analysis of nearly 14,000 women in the Nurses’ Health Study found a modest association between the duration of PPI use and tests that measured psychomotor speed and attention when PPI users were compared to women who never used the drugs.
• When H2 receptor antagonists were factored into the analysis, the score differential was even less meaningful.
• While the study did not detect a strong link between PPIs and dementia risk, it did detect a significant association between H2 receptor antagonists and learning and working memory. The researchers say these results should be interpreted cautiously since this was not the primary hypothesis tested.