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This Impacts AML Relapse Post-Transplant

J Clin Oncol; ePub 2017 May 18; Boudreau, et al

Publish date:: June 7, 2017

Considering killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) 3DL1-mediated inhibition in donor selection for HLA-matched hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) may lead to improved outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study involving more than 1,300 individuals.

Participants had undergone HCT from 9/10 or 10/10 HLA-matched unrelated donors. Investigators used an algorithm to predict and test inhibitory and cytotoxic natural killer potential. Among the results:

Patients with KIR3DL1 and HLA-B subtype combinations that were predictive of weak or non-inhibition were 28% less likely to relapse than those with strong inhibition combination.
Overall mortality was better in the group with weak or non-inhibition as well.
The most striking effects were seen in the high-risk group of patients with all KIR ligands.
Beneficial effects of weak and noninhibiting KIR3DL1 and HLA-B subtype combinations were separate from and additive to the benefit of donor activating KIR2DS1.

Citation:

Boudreau J, Giglio F, Gooley T, et al. KIR3DL1/HLA-B subtypes govern acute myelogenous leukemia relapse after hematopoietic cell transplantation. [Published online ahead of print May 18, 2017]. J Clin Oncol. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.70.7059.

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