The number of melanoma cases is projected to increase over the next 15 years unless additional prevention efforts are implemented, according to a CDC report on melanoma incidence and mortality trends between 1982 and 2030.

Investigators analyzed melanoma rates and mortality data from 2011, and projected incident, mortality, and treatment costs through 2030. They then estimated potential cases and costs averted through 2030 with the implementation of a comprehensive skin cancer prevention program. They found:

• The 2011 melanoma incidence rate was 19.7 per 100,000 and the death rate was 2.7 per 100,000.

• Incidence rates are expected to increase through 2019 for whites, while death rates should remain stable.

• The annual cost of treating newly diagnosed melanomas is estimated to increase from $457 million in 2011 to $1.6 billion in 2030.

• A comprehensive skin cancer prevention program could reduce cases by 230,000 and initial year treatment costs by $2.7 billion between 2020 and 2030.

Citation: Guy GP Jr, Thomas CC, Thompson T, Watson M, Massetti GM, Richardson LC. Vital signs: melanoma incidence and mortality trends and projections - United States, 1982-2030. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(21):591-596.

Commentary: Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer for men, and is the seventh most common cancer for women. It causes more than 9,000 deaths per year. Sun exposure, and particularly sunburn, are the primary risk factors for melanoma, yet 40% of people in the U.S. report having had a sunburn each year. Sun protective measures, including sun protective clothing and the use of sunscreen can decrease damage from UV rays from the sun. Higher rates 
of melanoma have been reported among young women compared with young
men and are felt to be due to the use of indoor tanning among women. Clearly, with the projected increase in melanoma and known preventive approaches available, this is an area worth paying attention to. —Neil Skolnik, MD